AI Work FluencyEU AI Act glossary

High-risk AI system Magas kockázatú AI

Verified: 2026-08-04 · Legal source: 6. cikk, I. és III. melléklet

Short definition

An AI system is high-risk if it is a safety component of, or is itself, a product covered by the Union product-safety legislation listed in Annex I, or if it falls within one of the eight areas and listed use cases of Annex III. Classification attaches to the intended purpose, not to the underlying technology.

The concept is set out in Article 6, via two independent routes: Annex I catches AI embedded in regulated products (machinery, medical devices, aviation, etc.), while Annex III lists eight self-standing areas — biometrics, critical infrastructure, education, employment, access to essential private and public services, law enforcement, migration, and administration of justice and democratic processes. From a business perspective, the most common case is point 4 of Annex III: AI used in HR, from recruitment through to dismissal. Article 6(3) provides a narrow escape route where the system does not pose a significant risk and one of four conditions is met (narrow procedural task, improving a completed human activity, pattern detection subject to human review, preparatory task) — but this route is closed where profiling is involved. High-risk obligations — risk management, data governance, documentation, logging, human oversight, conformity assessment, CE marking — apply to stand-alone Annex III systems from 2 December 2027, and to Annex I-embedded systems from 2 August 2028.

Why this matters for an EU SME

This is the highest-stakes classification decision in an SME's life: if a company introduces AI for HR, credit assessment or education, the high-risk designation shapes the entire compliance burden — and the classification decision should be documented in writing now, before deployment.

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This page is general information, not legal advice. It does not substitute for a legal assessment of a specific case and does not create a retainer or attorney-client relationship. The legal status was verified on 4 August 2026 against primary sources; where the law or regulatory practice is uncertain, this is flagged separately.